coppicewithstandards

Coppice with standards is a traditional form of woodland management that combines two growth practices in a single ride or stand. In the coppiced portion, trees are cut down to near ground level on a regular cycle, and new shoots regrow from the stump. These shoots are harvested at intervals, typically every 7 to 20 years, depending on species and intended use. Surrounding or interspersed within the coppice, one or more standard trees are left uncut to grow to full size, eventually producing high-grade timber.

Standards form the upper canopy and provide larger, longer-lasting timber, while the coppice regrowth supplies a steady stream of smaller wood, poles, or fuelwood. The choice of species for coppicing and for standards varies by region but commonly includes hazel, willow, or chestnut for coppice, with oak, chestnut, ash, or beech often chosen as standards. Proper management involves planning the rotation length for coppice, spacing and selection of standard trees, and monitoring stool health to maintain vigorous regrowth.

Historically, coppice with standards was widespread across Europe, supporting a reliable supply of fuelwood, charcoal, fencing, tools, and timber for various crafts and construction. It also created a multi-layered habitat that can enhance biodiversity by providing niches for different species.

In modern forestry and conservation, coppice with standards is valued for sustainable production, landscape heritage, and ecological benefits, though it requires active management and investment. Some woodlands have been restored to this practice to maintain traditional practice and diversify woodland structure.