coccidiózis

Coccidiosis is a parasitic disease that affects the intestinal tract of many animal species, including poultry, cattle, sheep, goats, and dogs. It is caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Eimeria. These parasites live in the intestinal lining and reproduce asexually and sexually, leading to damage to the intestinal cells. The severity of the disease depends on the species of Eimeria, the number of oocysts ingested, and the immune status of the host.

Infected animals typically shed oocysts, which are the environmentally resistant egg-like stages of the parasite, in their feces. These oocysts can survive in the environment for extended periods and are ingested by other animals, initiating the infection cycle. Clinical signs of coccidiosis vary but often include diarrhea, which can be bloody, lethargy, loss of appetite, weight loss, and poor growth. In severe cases, it can lead to anemia and death.

Diagnosis is usually made by microscopic examination of fecal samples to identify the presence of oocysts. Treatment involves anticoccidial drugs, often administered in feed or water. Prevention strategies are crucial and include good sanitation practices, maintaining dry litter or bedding, reducing stocking density, and implementing appropriate biosecurity measures. In some species, vaccines are available to help prevent the disease. The impact of coccidiosis can be significant in agricultural settings, leading to economic losses due to reduced productivity and increased mortality.