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citosol

Cytosol, or cytosol, is the aqueous, gel-like fluid component of the cell’s cytoplasm that surrounds organelles and other structures. In eukaryotic cells, it refers to the soluble portion of the cytoplasm excluding membranes and organelles, while in prokaryotes the term generally aligns with the intracellular fluid. The cytosol provides the medium in which many metabolic reactions take place and supports the movement and organization of cellular components.

Composition and properties: The cytosol is primarily water but contains a high concentration of dissolved ions

Functions: The cytosol hosts numerous metabolic pathways, including glycolysis and parts of gluconeogenesis, nucleotide synthesis, and

Relation to cytoplasm: The cytoplasm comprises the cytosol plus all organelles, vesicles, and membranes within a

(such
as
potassium,
sodium,
chloride,
magnesium,
and
calcium),
small
molecules
(glucose,
nucleotides,
amino
acids),
and
a
dense
array
of
enzymes
and
soluble
proteins.
It
is
a
crowded,
viscoelastic
environment
that
contains
elements
of
the
cytoskeleton
and
free
ribosomes.
The
intracellular
pH
is
typically
near
neutral,
and
the
composition
supports
a
wide
range
of
biochemical
activities.
lipid
metabolism.
It
serves
as
the
location
for
many
enzyme-driven
reactions,
facilitates
diffusion
of
metabolites,
and
participates
in
signaling
and
regulatory
processes.
It
also
provides
a
medium
for
the
assembly
and
disassembly
of
cytoskeletal
networks
and
for
the
operation
of
translation
on
free
ribosomes.
cell.
Thus,
the
cytosol
is
the
fluid
phase
of
the
cytoplasm,
distinct
from
the
membranous
and
structural
components
that
are
suspended
within
it.