cisdichloroplatinumII

cisdichloroplatinumII, often abbreviated as cis-DDP or cisplatin, is a chemotherapy drug used to treat various types of cancer. It is a platinum-based compound with the chemical formula cis-[PtCl2(NH3)2]. Cisplatin works by binding to DNA within cancer cells, forming cross-links that prevent the DNA from replicating and dividing. This ultimately leads to programmed cell death, or apoptosis, in the cancerous cells.

Cisplatin was first synthesized in 1845 by Michele Peyrone, but its antitumor properties were not discovered until the 1960s by Barnett Rosenberg. It was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1978. Today, cisplatin is a cornerstone of treatment for many solid tumors, including testicular cancer, ovarian cancer, bladder cancer, lung cancer, and head and neck cancers. It is typically administered intravenously.

The effectiveness of cisplatin is well-established, but it is associated with a number of side effects. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, kidney damage, nerve damage (peripheral neuropathy), hearing loss (ototoxicity), and bone marrow suppression, which can lead to a reduced number of blood cells. Management of these side effects is an important aspect of cisplatin therapy. Research continues to explore ways to improve cisplatin's efficacy and reduce its toxicity, including the development of new platinum-based drugs and combination therapies.

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