ciroza

Cirrhosis is a late-stage liver disease characterized by the formation of scar tissue (fibrosis) and the regeneration of liver cells in an uncontrolled manner. This process leads to the liver becoming enlarged and stiff, with a reduced ability to function properly. Cirrhosis can result from various causes, including chronic alcohol consumption, viral hepatitis (such as hepatitis B and C), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and other liver injuries.

The primary symptoms of cirrhosis are often non-specific and may include fatigue, weight loss, abdominal swelling, and jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes). As the disease progresses, symptoms can worsen and may include portal hypertension, which can lead to variceal bleeding and ascites (fluid accumulation in the abdomen). In advanced stages, cirrhosis can result in liver failure, which is a medical emergency requiring immediate treatment.

The diagnosis of cirrhosis typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests. These may include blood tests to measure liver function, imaging studies such as ultrasound or CT scan to assess liver size and texture, and liver biopsy to examine liver tissue under a microscope.

Treatment for cirrhosis focuses on managing symptoms, preventing complications, and addressing the underlying cause. For alcohol-related cirrhosis, abstinence from alcohol is crucial. Medications may be prescribed to manage symptoms such as ascites or variceal bleeding. In some cases, liver transplantation may be necessary to restore liver function.

Prevention of cirrhosis involves avoiding known risk factors. For individuals with chronic liver disease, regular medical follow-up and adherence to treatment plans are essential to manage the condition effectively and improve long-term outcomes.