chirurgickými

Chirurgickými is the instrumental plural form of the Czech adjective chirurgický, meaning surgical. It is used to modify plural nouns in the instrumental case, indicating means, instruments, methods, or activities associated with surgery.

In practice, chirurgickými describes how something is performed or what tools or methods are used in a surgical context. Examples include phrases such as chirugickými nástroji (with surgical instruments), chirurgickými metodami (with surgical methods), or chirurgickými zákroky (through surgical interventions). The form appears when the nouns it modifies are in the instrumental plural, regardless of the noun’s gender.

Gramatically, chirurgickými is one of the instrumental plural inflections of the adjective chirurgický. The Czech language uses gendered, case-based endings for adjectives, so the instrumental plural ending -ými is used with many masculine, feminine, and neuter nouns in the plural. The corresponding singular forms include chirurgickým (instrumental singular) and chirurgickou (accusative or instrumental feminine singular), among others.

Etymology and usage context: the term derives from chirurgická, itself from chirurgický, which comes from the word chirurg- (surgery) and ultimately from Greek or Latin roots related to manual work and hand. In medical writing and technical descriptions, chirurgical or surgical actions are commonly described using this form to specify the means or instruments involved.

See also: Chirurgie, Chirurgický, Czech grammar and inflection.