celíaca

Celiaca is a term used in some Spanish-speaking countries to refer to a person who has celiac disease. Celiac disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder triggered by the consumption of gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. When a person with celiac disease ingests gluten, their immune system mistakenly attacks the lining of the small intestine. This damage impairs the body's ability to absorb nutrients from food, leading to a range of symptoms.

Common symptoms of celiac disease can include digestive issues such as diarrhea, constipation, bloating, abdominal pain, and gas. However, non-digestive symptoms are also prevalent and can affect various parts of the body. These may include fatigue, anemia, skin rashes (dermatitis herpetiformis), joint pain, headaches, and even neurological problems. In children, celiac disease can also manifest as poor growth and delayed development.

The only effective treatment for celiac disease is a strict, lifelong gluten-free diet. This means avoiding all foods and products containing wheat, barley, and rye. Careful reading of food labels is essential, as gluten can be present in many processed foods, medications, and even personal care products. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests to detect specific antibodies and an intestinal biopsy to confirm the presence of damage. Early diagnosis and adherence to a gluten-free diet are crucial for managing the condition and preventing long-term health complications.