buddhism

Buddhism is a spiritual tradition and philosophy founded in the 5th to 6th century BCE in ancient India by Siddhartha Gautama, known as the Buddha. The core teachings of Buddhism aim to provide a path to the cessation of suffering and the achievement of enlightenment or Nirvana. The religion emphasizes mindfulness, ethical conduct, mental discipline, and wisdom.

Buddhism encompasses a variety of schools and practices, with the Theravāda, Mahāyāna, and Vajrayāna being the most prominent. While their doctrines differ in certain aspects, all schools adhere to the fundamental principles of the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path. The Four Noble Truths acknowledge that life involves suffering; suffering is caused by attachment and desire; there is a way to end suffering; and this involves following the Eightfold Path, a set of ethical and mental guidelines.

Buddhism is non-theistic, meaning it does not center around worship of a creator god. Instead, it focuses on personal development and the understanding of the nature of reality. Meditation and mindfulness practices are central to many Buddhist traditions, serving as tools to develop concentration, insight, and compassion.

The spread of Buddhism has historically been significant across Asia and, more recently, worldwide. It has influenced diverse cultures, philosophies, arts, and social systems. Today, Buddhism continues to attract followers globally, offering a framework for spiritual growth and a pathway to alleviating suffering through ethical living and mental discipline.