birthfamily

The term birth family refers to a person's biological or genetic family—the individuals who gave birth to the person and their extended lineage, including parents, siblings, and relatives. It is used to distinguish from the family in which the person was raised, such as adoptive or foster families.

In adoption contexts, birth family is central to discussions about lineage, medical history, and potential contact. In open or semi-open adoptions, birth parents may consent to ongoing contact with the adoptee, while in closed adoptions contact may be limited or nonexistent. Legal arrangements and policies vary by jurisdiction.

In arrangements involving donor conception or surrogacy, "birth family" can refer to the genetic relatives—the individuals whose genes contributed to the birth—though legal and ethical definitions differ. Some individuals conceived with donor gametes are able to learn about their birth family, while others may not due to privacy laws.

The concept can be important for identity, heritage, and medical history. Reunions or searches for birth relatives may occur, sometimes facilitated by agencies or registries, with attention to consent and emotional considerations.

Related topics include adoption, open adoption, reunion registries, kinship, donor conception, and surrogacy.