biovarsensorer

Bio-varssensorer, or biosensors, are analytical devices that combine a biological component with a physicochemical detector. The biological component, often an enzyme, antibody, or nucleic acid, specifically recognizes and binds to a target analyte. This recognition event triggers a change that is then transduced into a measurable signal by the detector. This signal can be optical, electrical, mass-based, or thermal.

The core principle of a biosensor involves a biological recognition element interacting with a specific target molecule in a sample. This interaction is not directly measured, but rather leads to a physical or chemical change that the transducer can detect. For example, an enzyme might catalyze a reaction that produces a detectable chemical product, or an antibody might undergo a conformational change upon binding its antigen.

Biosensors find applications in a wide range of fields. In medicine, they are used for blood glucose monitoring, detecting biomarkers for disease diagnosis, and monitoring drug levels. Environmental monitoring utilizes biosensors to detect pollutants in water and air, as well as to assess soil quality. The food industry employs them for quality control, detecting pathogens, and assessing freshness. Furthermore, biosensors play a role in industrial process control and in research laboratories for various analytical tasks. Their ability to provide rapid, sensitive, and selective detection of analytes makes them valuable tools across scientific and industrial disciplines.