bimetál

Bimetál refers to a composite material made from two different metals bonded together. Typically, these metals have distinct thermal expansion coefficients, meaning they expand or contract at different rates when subjected to changes in temperature. This property is the key to bimetal's functionality.

The most common application of bimetal is in thermal switches and circuit breakers. When a bimetallic strip is heated, one metal expands more than the other, causing the strip to bend. This bending can be utilized to open or close an electrical contact. In a thermostat, for example, the bending bimetallic strip can actuate a switch that turns a heating or cooling system on or off, regulating the temperature. Similarly, in circuit breakers, excessive current causes the bimetallic strip to heat up, bend, and trip the breaker, interrupting the circuit to prevent damage.

Bimetal is also used in other applications where temperature-sensitive mechanical action is required, such as in oven thermometers and some types of pressure gauges. The specific metals used in bimetal vary depending on the intended application, but common combinations include brass and steel, or copper and steel. The thickness and arrangement of the metal layers are also critical factors in determining the bimetal's performance characteristics. Its ability to convert thermal energy into mechanical movement makes it a versatile and cost-effective material for a wide range of industrial and domestic uses.