biguanidesmetformin

Biguanides, specifically metformin, are a class of oral hypoglycemic agents used primarily to manage type 2 diabetes. Metformin works by reducing the amount of glucose produced by the liver and improving the body's sensitivity to insulin. It is often prescribed as a first-line treatment due to its effectiveness, low cost, and minimal side effects. Common side effects include gastrointestinal discomfort, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Less frequently, it can cause lactic acidosis, a serious condition that requires immediate medical attention. Biguanides are generally well-tolerated, but patients should be monitored for potential side effects and advised to take the medication with food to minimize gastrointestinal issues. Metformin is available in various formulations, including tablets and extended-release versions, to accommodate different patient needs. Its mechanism of action makes it particularly useful for patients with type 2 diabetes who are overweight or obese, as it can help with weight management in addition to blood sugar control.