bersin

Bersin is the Indonesian and Malay verb for sneezing. In a broader sense, sneezing is the reflexive expulsion of air through the nose and mouth in response to irritation of the nasal mucosa. The act is common across many cultures and languages, and it is often accompanied by a brief closing of the eyes and a rapid, forceful exhalation.

The sneeze reflex involves a neural pathway that starts with irritation in the nasal passages and signals the trigeminal nerve to the brainstem. A coordinated sequence follows: the diaphragm and chest muscles contract, the glottis closes briefly, and air is expelled through the nose and mouth. This reflex helps remove irritants from the nasal passages and can occur with varying intensity from person to person.

Common triggers include viral infections such as the common cold, allergies to pollen or dust mites, and environmental irritants like smoke, strong Odors, dust, and pepper. Some individuals experience the photic sneeze reflex, a genetic tendency to sneeze when suddenly exposed to bright light.

Hygiene and public health aspects note that sneezes release respiratory droplets that can spread pathogens. To reduce transmission, people are advised to cover the nose and mouth with a tissue or elbow, and to wash hands after sneezing. Individuals with persistent or bothersome sneezing may seek medical advice, as symptoms can reflect allergies, infections, or nasal conditions and may be managed with treatments such as antihistamines or saline sprays under guidance.