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Benzyl peroxide, also known as benzoyl peroxide, is an organic compound with the formula (C6H5CO)2O2. It is an oxidizing agent and is commonly used in acne treatments due to its antibacterial properties. It works by releasing oxygen into the pores, which kills the bacteria that cause acne. It is also used as a bleaching agent in various applications, including hair bleaching and as a polymerization initiator for plastics.

The chemical structure of benzoyl peroxide consists of two benzoyl groups linked by a peroxide bond. It is a white crystalline solid that is insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. Benzoyl peroxide can be synthesized through various chemical reactions, often involving the reaction of benzoyl chloride with hydrogen peroxide.

In dermatology, benzoyl peroxide is available in various concentrations, typically ranging from 2.5% to 10%. Lower concentrations are often recommended for individuals with sensitive skin to minimize irritation. Common side effects include redness, dryness, peeling, and a burning sensation. It is important to use benzoyl peroxide as directed by a healthcare professional or as indicated on the product packaging. Sunscreen use is also recommended as it can increase sensitivity to sunlight.

Beyond its medical applications, benzoyl peroxide is employed in the production of polymers, acting as a free radical initiator to start the polymerization process. It is also used in some food processing applications for dough conditioning, although its use in food is regulated and varies by region.