bazofilii

Bazofilii, also known as basophils, are a type of white blood cell that play a crucial role in the immune system. They are part of the granulocyte family, which also includes neutrophils and eosinophils, and are characterized by their large, dark-staining granules when observed under a microscope. Basophils are typically found in very low numbers in the bloodstream, making up less than 1% of the total white blood cell population.

The primary function of basophils is to respond to parasitic infections and mediate allergic reactions. When activated, they release chemical mediators such as histamine, serotonin, and various cytokines. Histamine, in particular, is responsible for promoting inflammation and increasing vascular permeability, which helps in the recruitment of other immune cells to the site of infection or injury. This response can also contribute to symptoms associated with allergies, such as swelling, itching, and hives.

Basophils are produced in the bone marrow from hematopoietic stem cells and circulate in the blood before migrating to tissues, where they can persist for extended periods. They are distinguished from mast cells, another cell type involved in allergic responses, by their origin and location—basophils originate in the bone marrow and circulate in the blood, while mast cells develop in tissues.

In clinical practice, basophil counts are sometimes monitored as part of a complete blood count (CBC) to assess immune function or detect underlying conditions such as allergies, infections, or certain types of leukemia. Elevated basophil levels may indicate chronic inflammation, while abnormally low levels could suggest immune deficiencies or other systemic disorders. Further diagnostic testing is often required to determine the specific cause of any observed changes in basophil counts.