balting

Balting is the process of forming loose materials into compact, manageable bundles known as bales. It is a common practice in agriculture, forestry, and various industrial settings, where bulky or loose material is difficult to store or transport in its raw form. The operation is typically performed with a baler, a machine that compacts material under pressure and secures it with binding material.

Common balting materials include hay, straw, alfalfa, cotton gin trash, wood fiber, and municipal or industrial residues that can be formed into bale shapes. The two most widespread bale shapes are round and rectangular (square) bales. Bales may be bound with baling wire, bale twine, or plastic net wrap, and in some cases wrapped with plastic film to create silage or wrap for weather protection.

The balting process involves feeding material into the baler, compressing it to a desired density, and forming the bale while applying the binding. Moisture content is critical: forage baling typically requires proper moisture to prevent spoilage and spontaneous combustion; overly dry material may be difficult to bind, while overly wet material can lead to mold.

Applications include storing animal feed, making packaging stock from agricultural residues, and preparing materials for transport or processing. In modern farming and industrial operations, automated, high-capacity balers and wrapper units improve efficiency and bale quality. Safety considerations include machine guarding, safe operation of hydraulic systems, and proper handling of finished bales to prevent injuries.

Related terms include bale, baler, baling wire, twine, and bale wrap.