auruosakesed

Aurousakesed are gold-containing particles, typically in the nanometer size range. The term is used to describe gold nanoparticles and related nanoscale particles whose properties derive from the gold component, particle size, shape, and surface chemistry.

Most auruosakesed are produced by reducing gold salts in the presence of stabilizing ligands to prevent aggregation. Other methods include seed-mediated growth, photochemical synthesis, and biomimetic approaches using proteins or polymers as stabilizers.

Characterization uses transmission electron microscopy for size and morphology, UV–Vis spectroscopy to observe surface plasmon resonance, and dynamic light scattering with zeta potential to assess stability. Surface coatings—citrate, polymers, or silica shells—determine solubility, biocompatibility, and the ability to attach targeting molecules or drugs.

Applications span biomedicine, sensing, catalysis, and electronics. In medicine, gold nanoparticles serve as contrast agents and for photothermal therapy; in sensing, their optical response enables colorimetric or spectroscopic detection; and in catalysis, their high surface area accelerates reactions.

Safety and environmental considerations are important for nanomaterials. Appropriate handling, disposal, and toxicity assessments depend on size, coating, and exposure context, and are addressed in laboratory guidelines and regulatory frameworks.