atiratra

Atiratra is a term primarily associated with Vedic rituals in Hinduism. It refers to a specific type of yajna (fire sacrifice) that is performed throughout the night. The word itself is derived from Sanskrit, with "ati" meaning "beyond" or "through" and "ratri" meaning "night," thus signifying a ritual that extends through the entire night.

These nocturnal sacrifices are often elaborate and can span for multiple days, with the final night being the culminating event. The rituals involve chanting of Vedic hymns, offering oblations (such as ghee, grains, and other items) into the sacred fire, and maintaining the fire throughout the night. The performance of an atiratra is considered to be a significant undertaking, requiring considerable skill, devotion, and resources.

The purpose of performing an atiratra can vary. It is often done to invoke the blessings of deities for prosperity, well-being, protection, or the fulfillment of specific desires. In some traditions, it is also performed as part of specific ceremonies or as a penance for certain transgressions. The precise rituals and the deities invoked can differ based on the specific tradition, the occasion, and the desired outcome. The complexity and duration underscore the importance and efficacy attributed to these long, nocturnal sacrifices in Vedic practice.