ascarid

Ascarids, also known as roundworms, are a type of parasitic nematode worm that infects the gastrointestinal tract of humans and other animals. The most common species affecting humans is Ascaris lumbricoides, which can cause ascariasis, a parasitic infection. Ascarids are typically transmitted through the fecal-oral route, often via contaminated food or water. Once ingested, the larvae penetrate the intestinal wall and migrate to the lungs, where they mature into adult worms. These adults then migrate back to the intestines, where they reproduce and lay eggs. The eggs are then excreted in the feces, completing the life cycle.

Ascarids can cause a range of symptoms, including abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. In severe cases, they can lead to malnutrition and stunted growth in children. Diagnosis is usually made through stool examination or blood tests. Treatment typically involves anthelmintic drugs, such as albendazole or mebendazole, which kill the worms.

Prevention of ascaridiasis involves good hygiene practices, such as handwashing, avoiding contaminated food and water, and proper disposal of human waste. Vaccines are not currently available for ascaridiasis, but ongoing research aims to develop effective preventive measures.