artériából

Arteriol is a small artery that branches out from a larger artery. These vessels play a crucial role in regulating blood flow to different parts of the body. Arteriols are characterized by their muscular walls, which allow them to constrict or dilate in response to physiological signals. This ability to change their diameter is known as vasoconstriction and vasodilation, respectively. By adjusting their size, arteriols control the resistance to blood flow and, consequently, influence blood pressure. They act as the primary site for regulating systemic vascular resistance, a key determinant of overall blood pressure. The smooth muscle in the arteriolar walls responds to various stimuli, including hormones, nerve impulses, and local metabolic factors. For instance, during exercise, arteriols in working muscles dilate to increase blood supply, while arteriols in the digestive system may constrict to redirect blood flow. These fine-tuned adjustments ensure that organs and tissues receive the appropriate amount of oxygen and nutrients. Arteriols eventually lead into capillaries, the smallest blood vessels, where the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products occurs between the blood and the surrounding tissues. The structure and function of arteriols are vital for maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis and ensuring proper tissue perfusion throughout the body.