arbitrázsra

Arbitrázsra, often referred to as arbitrage in English, is a trading strategy that exploits price differences in related assets on different markets. The core principle is to simultaneously buy and sell an asset to profit from a temporary mispricing. This strategy is typically employed in financial markets, such as stock exchanges, currency markets, and commodity markets.

The goal of arbitraging is to lock in a risk-free profit. For an arbitrage opportunity to exist, the price of an asset must be higher in one market than in another, taking into account transaction costs. For example, if a company's stock is trading on two different exchanges, and its price differs by a margin greater than the brokerage fees and other associated costs, an arbitrageur can buy the stock on the cheaper exchange and sell it on the more expensive one.

Arbitrage opportunities are usually short-lived. As arbitrageurs exploit these price discrepancies, their actions tend to push the prices back into alignment. The buying pressure on the cheaper market increases its price, while the selling pressure on the more expensive market decreases its price, thus eliminating the arbitrage. Consequently, arbitrageurs must be quick and have access to sophisticated trading technology to identify and execute these trades before the opportunity disappears.

While often described as risk-free, arbitrage does carry some minimal risks. These can include execution risk, where the trades might not be executed simultaneously, or market risk, where prices could move unexpectedly between the time of identifying the opportunity and executing the trades. However, in practice, well-executed arbitrage is considered one of the lowest-risk trading strategies.