apicoectomía

An apicoectomía, also known as a root-end resection or retrograde root canal treatment, is a surgical procedure performed by dentists and endodontists. It is typically undertaken when a conventional root canal treatment has failed to resolve an infection or inflammation at the root tip of a tooth. The process involves accessing the apex of the tooth root, removing the infected or inflamed tissue, and sealing the end of the root canal.

The procedure begins with local anesthesia to numb the area. An incision is made in the gum tissue to expose the root of the tooth. The endodontist then removes a small portion of the root tip, along with any diseased tissue or cysts that may be present. The exposed root canal is cleaned and then sealed with a biocompatible material, such as MTA (mineral trioxide aggregate) or a dental filling. Finally, the gum tissue is sutured closed.

Apicoectomías are generally considered a successful treatment option for saving teeth that would otherwise require extraction. They are indicated when there is persistent infection at the root apex, a missed canal, or a blockage in the root canal that prevents re-treatment. Recovery is usually straightforward, with mild discomfort and swelling possible for a few days. Good oral hygiene and regular dental check-ups are essential for long-term success.