antisepsisë

Antisepsis refers to the practice of using chemical agents to inhibit or destroy microorganisms on living tissue, such as skin, to prevent infection. This process is distinct from disinfection, which targets inanimate objects, and sterilization, which aims to eliminate all forms of microbial life. The development of antisepsis marked a significant advancement in medical history, drastically reducing mortality rates from surgical infections and childbirth fever.

Key to the success of antisepsis was the introduction of antiseptic solutions in the mid-19th century. Joseph Lister, a British surgeon, is widely credited with pioneering antiseptic surgical techniques. He advocated for the use of carbolic acid (phenol) to clean wounds, surgical instruments, and dressings. His work demonstrated that applying these agents could significantly lower the incidence of post-operative infections, transforming surgical outcomes.

Commonly used antiseptic agents include alcohols, iodophors, chlorhexidine, and hydrogen peroxide. These substances work through various mechanisms, such as disrupting cell membranes, denaturing proteins, or interfering with essential metabolic processes of microbes. The choice of antiseptic depends on the specific application, the type of tissue, and the microorganisms targeted. Antisepsis plays a crucial role in everyday healthcare, from routine wound care and preoperative skin preparation to hand hygiene for medical professionals.