antipsychótík

Antipsychotics are a class of medications primarily used to manage psychosis, which is a symptom of mental health conditions characterized by a distorted perception of reality. This can include hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking. Antipsychotics are often prescribed for conditions such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder (during manic or psychotic episodes), and severe depression with psychotic features.

These medications work by affecting neurotransmitters in the brain, particularly dopamine. Older, or first-generation, antipsychotics tend to block dopamine receptors more broadly. Newer, or second-generation, antipsychotics also affect serotonin and have a generally lower risk of certain motor side effects, although they may carry a higher risk of metabolic side effects like weight gain.

The effectiveness and side effect profiles of antipsychotics can vary significantly between individuals and between different medications within the class. Common side effects can include drowsiness, dizziness, weight gain, and movement disorders. It is crucial for patients to take antipsychotics as prescribed and to discuss any concerns or side effects with their healthcare provider. Antipsychotics are generally considered a cornerstone of treatment for managing psychotic symptoms, often used in conjunction with psychotherapy and other supportive measures.