antimonIIIoksidi

AntimonIIIoksidi, or antimony(III) oxide, is an inorganic compound with the formula Sb2O3. It occurs in nature as two mineral forms, senarmontite and valentinite, both of which are Sb2O3, and it exists in two crystalline polymorphs, commonly referred to as alpha- and beta-Sb2O3. The compound is produced industrially by roasting stibnite (Sb2S3) in air or by oxidizing metallic antimony, after which Sb2O3 is separated and purified. In nature it is present in oxidized zones of antimony-bearing ore deposits.

Applications: Its major use is as a flame retardant synergist in halogen-containing polymers, textiles, coatings, and rubber. It enhances the effectiveness of flame retardants and reduces smoke. It is also used as a fining agent in glass and as a catalyst or precursor in various chemical processes.

Properties: Sb2O3 is a white to off-white powder, with a high melting point around 656 °C and low water solubility. It is relatively chemically inert but can react with strong bases to form antimonate species under certain conditions. It is toxic if inhaled or ingested, and exposure should be minimized through appropriate handling and ventilation.

Safety: Antimony compounds, including antimony(III) oxide, can have adverse health effects with exposure; long-term exposure may irritate the respiratory tract and skin. Occupational safety measures, including fume hoods and personal protective equipment, are advised.