antiinstanton

The antiinstanton is a supersymmetric field almost analogous to a soliton, which arises in the context of supersymmetric models of quantum field theories, specifically in the study of instantons. An instanton, which is a soliton-like topological defect of a gauge field theory, is a classical solution to the theory that has a finite action. On the other hand, an antiinstanton is an antisolitonic topological solution discussed in theories where the instanton or topological solutions are present.

In supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories, the antiinstanton can be viewed as the "BPS" scaled or supersymmetry normalized instanton. It's a pair of an instanton and an antiinstanton that contributes to the vacuum expectation values (VEVs) of order parameters at static conditions, under certain thermodynamic equilibrium conditions. Antiinstantons also show relation with a generalized instanton structure through analysis of true quantum corrections on moduli space aspects.

In mathematical and theoretical physics, BPS states or BPS (Bogomol'nyi–Prasad–Sommerfield) states are associated with special combinations of fields in Yang-Mills-Higgs theory associated with vacuum where a topological instanton might have formed. But due to supersymmetry, this BPS condition may not actually apply to gauge or vector potentials, and thus forming a toroidal field centered around instanton position but with different charge, hence an antiinstanton, nucleating spatially.

From theoretical stabilities point of view, instantons can make false vacuums stable if space-time curvature is allowed to fluctuate. Antiinstantons can cancel certain cosmological limits much similarly, leading to metastable false vacuum decay based on eleven dimensional M-theory with localized instanton topological structure possibly vital.