analssfinkter

The anal sphincter is a muscular ring that surrounds the anus, controlling the release of feces from the rectum. There are two primary anal sphincters: the internal anal sphincter and the external anal sphincter. The internal anal sphincter is an involuntary smooth muscle, meaning its function is not consciously controlled. It remains contracted most of the time, preventing leakage of stool and gas. When the rectum fills with feces, the internal sphincter relaxes involuntarily, signaling the urge to defecate.

The external anal sphincter is a voluntary skeletal muscle, allowing for conscious control over bowel movements. This sphincter allows individuals to postpone defecation until a socially appropriate time and place. Both sphincters work in concert to maintain fecal continence. The coordinated action of these muscles, along with rectal sensation and rectal compliance, is essential for normal bowel function. Dysfunction of the anal sphincters can lead to fecal incontinence, a condition characterized by the involuntary loss of stool. This dysfunction can result from various factors including childbirth, surgery, aging, or neurological conditions. Treatment strategies for anal sphincter dysfunction vary depending on the underlying cause and severity and may include dietary modifications, pelvic floor exercises, biofeedback therapy, or surgical interventions.