anafylaktický

Anafylaktický refers to a severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction. It is a systemic response that can affect multiple organ systems rapidly. This reaction typically occurs soon after exposure to an allergen, such as certain foods, insect stings, medications, or latex. The immune system mistakenly identifies a harmless substance as a threat and releases a flood of chemicals, including histamine, which causes widespread inflammation and constriction of blood vessels.

Symptoms of anaphylaxis can vary greatly but often include hives, itching, swelling of the face, lips, or tongue, difficulty breathing or wheezing, a sudden drop in blood pressure, dizziness, and a feeling of impending doom. In severe cases, anaphylactic shock can lead to loss of consciousness and cardiac arrest. The onset can be as quick as minutes after exposure.

Immediate medical attention is crucial for anyone experiencing anaphylaxis. The primary treatment is an injection of epinephrine (adrenaline), which can rapidly reverse the symptoms. Antihistamines and corticosteroids may also be administered. Individuals with a history of severe allergies are often prescribed an epinephrine auto-injector for self-administration in emergency situations. Prevention involves strict avoidance of known allergens.