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Amplitude Modulation (AM) is a modulation technique used in electronic communication, most commonly for transmitting information via a radio wave. In AM, the amplitude of a carrier wave is varied in accordance with the signal that is to be transmitted. This carrier wave is a sinusoidal wave of a single frequency, which is modulated by the input signal.

The process of AM involves multiplying the input signal, which is typically an audio signal, with a carrier wave. The resulting signal is a modulated wave that contains both the original audio signal and the carrier wave. The modulated wave can then be transmitted over a radio wave.

At the receiving end, the modulated wave is demodulated to extract the original audio signal. This is done by using a diode or a transistor to rectify the modulated wave, which removes the carrier wave and leaves the original audio signal.

AM is widely used in broadcasting, as it is relatively simple to implement and requires less bandwidth than other modulation techniques. However, it is also more susceptible to interference and noise, which can degrade the quality of the received signal. Despite this, AM remains a popular choice for broadcasting due to its simplicity and reliability.