alsóvégtagot

Alsó végtagot is the Hungarian term for the lower limb or leg. This anatomical region of the human body comprises the hip, thigh, knee, leg proper, ankle, and foot. The primary function of the lower limbs is to support the body's weight and enable locomotion, including walking, running, and jumping.

The skeletal structure of the lower limb begins with the femur, the longest and strongest bone in the body, located in the thigh. It articulates with the pelvis at the hip joint, a ball-and-socket joint that allows for a wide range of motion. The knee joint connects the femur to the tibia, the main bone of the lower leg. The fibula is a smaller bone that runs parallel to the tibia.

The muscles of the lower limb are extensive and powerful, responsible for movement and stability. Major muscle groups include the quadriceps in the thigh, which extend the knee, and the hamstrings, which flex the knee and extend the hip. The calf muscles, in the lower leg, are crucial for plantarflexion (pointing the toes downwards) and propulsion during walking.

The vascular system in the lower limb includes major arteries like the femoral artery and popliteal artery, which supply blood to the muscles and tissues, and veins that return blood to the heart. The nervous system provides motor control and sensory feedback from the lower limb.

The foot is a complex structure of bones, joints, and muscles that allows for balance, shock absorption, and adaptation to various surfaces during locomotion. It includes the tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges. Injuries to the lower limb are common, ranging from sprains and fractures to more severe conditions affecting muscles, ligaments, and joints.