allylgrupp

The allylgrupp, also known as the allyl group, is a functional group in organic chemistry with the formula H2C=CH-CH2-. It consists of a vinyl group attached to a methylene group. The term "allyl" is derived from the Latin word "allium," meaning garlic, referring to the characteristic odor of some allyl compounds, such as allyl alcohol. The allyl group is characterized by its double bond, which makes it a reactive species capable of undergoing various addition reactions. It is a common substituent found in many organic molecules, including natural products like essential oils and pharmaceuticals. The allylic position, the carbon atom adjacent to the double bond, is particularly reactive due to the resonance stabilization of the carbocation or radical formed at this site. This reactivity allows for a range of chemical transformations, such as allylic substitution, allylic oxidation, and rearrangements. Allyl halides, for instance, are important intermediates in organic synthesis. The allyl group's ability to participate in polymerization reactions also makes it relevant in the field of materials science.