allosterického

Allosterického is a term used in biochemistry and molecular biology to describe a process or a molecule that affects or is affected by a biological molecule, such as a protein or enzyme, at a site other than the primary active site. This means that an allosteric modulator binds to a regulatory site on the target molecule, causing a conformational change. This change in shape can either increase (activate) or decrease (inhibit) the activity of the target molecule at its active site.

Allosteric regulation is a crucial mechanism for controlling biological processes. It allows for fine-tuning of metabolic pathways and cellular responses. For example, many enzymes are regulated allosterically by the products of the reactions they catalyze. This feedback inhibition prevents the overproduction of substances. Similarly, allosteric activators can boost enzyme activity when needed.

Allosteric binding is typically reversible, meaning the modulator can bind and unbind from the regulatory site. The affinity of the modulator for the allosteric site and the magnitude of the effect on the target molecule's activity depend on the specific molecules involved. This type of regulation is widespread in nature, playing a role in everything from signal transduction to gene expression. Understanding allosteric mechanisms is vital for developing drugs that can target specific proteins and enzymes with greater precision and fewer side effects.