allergiareaktio

Allergireaktio, also known as an allergic reaction, is an exaggerated immune system response to substances that are typically harmless to most people. These substances are called allergens and can include things like pollen, certain foods, insect venom, or medications. When a person with an allergy is exposed to an allergen, their immune system mistakenly identifies it as a threat and releases chemicals, such as histamine, to fight it off.

The symptoms of an allergireaktio can vary widely in severity and presentation. Mild reactions might manifest as itching, hives, or a runny nose. More severe reactions, known as anaphylaxis, can be life-threatening and involve difficulty breathing, swelling of the throat, a sudden drop in blood pressure, and rapid heartbeat. Anaphylaxis requires immediate medical attention.

Diagnosis of an allergireaktio typically involves a medical history, physical examination, and sometimes allergy testing, such as skin prick tests or blood tests. Treatment focuses on avoiding known allergens and managing symptoms. Antihistamines are commonly used to relieve mild symptoms, while epinephrine is the primary treatment for anaphylaxis. For individuals with severe allergies, carrying an epinephrine auto-injector is crucial. Prevention strategies include awareness of potential allergens, careful reading of food labels, and environmental controls to minimize exposure to airborne allergens.