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Alkynes are a class of organic compounds characterized by the presence of at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. The general formula for a simple alkyne, containing one triple bond, is CnH2n-2, where 'n' is the number of carbon atoms. The simplest alkyne is ethyne, also known as acetylene, with the chemical formula C2H2. This molecule consists of two carbon atoms joined by a triple bond and each bonded to a single hydrogen atom.

The triple bond in alkynes is formed by the overlap of one sigma bond and two pi bonds. This strong and rigid bond makes alkynes important in various chemical reactions. Due to the high electron density between the two carbon atoms, alkynes are highly reactive, particularly in addition reactions. They readily react with halogens, hydrogen halides, and hydrogen. For example, the addition of one mole of hydrogen to ethyne results in ethene, and the further addition of another mole of hydrogen yields ethane.

Alkynes exhibit linear geometry around the triple-bonded carbon atoms. The carbon atoms involved in the triple bond are sp hybridized, leading to a bond angle of 180 degrees. This linearity influences the physical properties and reactivity of alkyne molecules.

Industrially, ethyne is a significant precursor for producing plastics, synthetic fibers, and other organic chemicals. It is also used in welding and cutting due to the high temperatures its combustion produces. While other alkynes are less commonly used on a large scale, they serve as intermediates in organic synthesis and are found in some natural products.