akuzativn

Akuzativn is a term used to refer to the accusative case, a grammatical category found in many languages. The name derives from the Latin accusativus and is used in several language traditions, including Slavic and Germanic languages, to denote the form that marks direct objects or other syntactic roles.

The primary function of the akuzativn is to indicate the direct object of a transitive verb. It can also appear after certain prepositions or in constructions that express direction, duration, or other relations, depending on the language. In languages with rich morphology, the accusative often takes distinct endings for nouns, adjectives, and pronouns, varying by gender, number, and sometimes animacy.

Cross-language comparison shows notable variation. In German, the direct object is marked by specific article forms and noun endings, as in Ich sehe den Hund, with den signaling the accusative masculine singular. In Russian, the object noun changes its ending, as in Я вижу собаку (Ya vizhu sobaku), where собаку is the accusative form of собака. In Czech, a masculine animate noun like pes changes to psa in the accusative singular: Vidím psa. By contrast, English relies largely on word order rather than a distinct accusative form, so the object is typically the same word as in the nominative: I see the dog.

Some languages use the akuzativn with a broader set of functions, including certain prepositional or verbum-related contexts, and in others it interacts with other cases to express movement or goal-oriented meaning.

See also: accusative case, grammatical case systems.