aivokalvotulehduksia

Aivokalvotulehduksia, also known as valvular heart disease, refers to a group of conditions that affect the heart's valves, which are responsible for regulating blood flow. These valves include the mitral valve, tricuspid valve, aortic valve, and pulmonary valve. When these valves do not function properly, it can lead to various symptoms and complications.

The most common types of valvular heart disease include:

1. Aortic stenosis: This condition occurs when the aortic valve narrows, making it difficult for blood to flow from the heart to the rest of the body. Symptoms may include shortness of breath, chest pain, and fatigue.

2. Mitral stenosis: In this condition, the mitral valve narrows, causing blood to flow backward into the left atrium. Symptoms can include shortness of breath, fatigue, and swelling in the legs and ankles.

3. Aortic regurgitation: This occurs when the aortic valve does not close properly, allowing blood to flow backward into the heart. Symptoms may include shortness of breath, fatigue, and swelling in the legs and ankles.

4. Mitral regurgitation: In this condition, the mitral valve does not close properly, causing blood to flow backward into the left atrium. Symptoms can include shortness of breath, fatigue, and swelling in the legs and ankles.

Valvular heart disease can be caused by various factors, including congenital heart defects, infections, and rheumatic fever. Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, echocardiogram, and other imaging tests. Treatment options may include medication, surgery, or other interventions to improve valve function and reduce symptoms. Early detection and management are crucial for maintaining heart health and quality of life.