airscrew

An airscrew is a rotating airfoil that generates thrust by moving through the air. It is commonly known as a propeller and is the primary means of propulsion for many aircraft. The design of an airscrew involves complex aerodynamic principles to maximize efficiency and minimize drag. Its blades are shaped like wings, and as they rotate, they create a difference in air pressure between their front and back surfaces. This pressure difference generates a force that pushes the airscrew and the attached vehicle forward.

The pitch of an airscrew, which is the theoretical distance it would travel forward in one revolution, can be fixed or variable. Variable-pitch airscrews allow for adjustments to optimize performance across different speeds and altitudes, improving fuel efficiency and takeoff performance. The number of blades, their shape, and their diameter are all critical design factors that influence the airscrew's thrust output and operational characteristics. Historically, airscrews were often made of wood but modern designs typically use lightweight and strong metal alloys or composite materials. They are powered by engines, such as piston engines or turboprop engines, which provide the rotational force. The efficiency of an airscrew is measured by its ability to convert engine power into useful thrust.