adénovírus

Adenovirus is a genus of viruses that can cause a range of illnesses in humans and animals. These viruses are non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses belonging to the family Adenoviridae. They are named after the adenoid tissue where they were first isolated. Adenoviruses are known for their stability and ability to infect a wide variety of cell types.

In humans, adenoviruses are a common cause of respiratory illnesses, including the common cold, bronchitis, and pneumonia. They can also lead to conjunctivitis, a type of eye infection, and gastroenteritis, which causes diarrhea and vomiting. Some adenovirus serotypes are associated with more serious conditions, particularly in individuals with weakened immune systems. Transmission typically occurs through direct contact with infected people, contaminated surfaces, or respiratory droplets.

There are over 50 different types of human adenoviruses, classified into seven species (A through G). Diagnosis is usually made based on clinical symptoms, and specific laboratory tests can confirm the presence of the virus. While there is no specific antiviral treatment for most adenovirus infections, supportive care is often sufficient for recovery. Vaccines are available for some specific adenovirus serotypes, primarily for military recruits to prevent outbreaks of respiratory illness. Research continues into developing broader adenovirus vaccines and antiviral therapies.