acyltransfersien

Acyltransfersien is not a standard term in mainstream biochemistry. It is sometimes used informally or in non-English literature to refer to enzymes that catalyze transfer of acyl groups, i.e., acyltransferases. These enzymes catalyze the movement of acyl groups (R-CO−) from donor molecules such as acyl-CoA or acyl-ACP to acceptors including alcohols, amines, thiols, or other nucleophiles, yielding esters, amides, thioesters, or other acylated products. They play central roles in lipid metabolism, protein modification, and secondary metabolite biosynthesis.

Acyltransferases are divided into several subfamilies by their preferred acceptor: N-acyltransferases (to amines), O-acyltransferases (to hydroxyls, forming esters), and S-acyltransferases (to thiols, forming thioesters). Palmitoyltransferases, such as the zDHHC family, are a prominent class of S-acyltransferases in eukaryotes. Many acyltransferases use acyl-CoA donors, while others use acyl-ACP or different acyl donors, depending on the pathway. The mechanism can involve direct transfer from donor to acceptor or formation of a transient acyl-enzyme intermediate in some families.

Biological importance is broad: in lipid biosynthesis, acyltransferases contribute to membrane lipid composition and energy storage; in protein chemistry, they mediate lipidation that regulates protein localization and function. Defects or dysregulation of acyltransferases have been implicated in metabolic disorders and infectious diseases, making them relevant as research and therapeutic targets. While acyltransfersien is not a standard name, it points to a widely recognized enzyme class whose proper designation is acyltransferase (EC 2.3.x.x).