achlorhydriaan

Achlorhydria is a medical condition characterized by a significant reduction or complete absence of stomach acid, also known as hydrochloric acid. Stomach acid is crucial for several digestive processes, including breaking down food, killing ingested bacteria and pathogens, and facilitating the absorption of certain nutrients like vitamin B12 and iron.

The condition can be caused by various factors. Chronic gastritis, particularly autoimmune gastritis, is a common culprit. In autoimmune gastritis, the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the cells in the stomach lining that produce acid. Helicobacter pylori infection can also lead to chronic inflammation of the stomach lining, which may impair acid production over time. Certain medications, such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and H2 blockers, used to reduce stomach acid for conditions like heartburn, can also induce achlorhydria with prolonged use. Age is another factor, as stomach acid production naturally tends to decrease with advancing years.

Symptoms of achlorhydria can be subtle and may include bloating, indigestion, nausea, diarrhea, unintentional weight loss, and a feeling of fullness after eating. Due to impaired nutrient absorption, individuals with achlorhydria may develop deficiencies in vitamin B12 and iron, leading to anemia. Diagnosing achlorhydria typically involves tests that measure stomach acid levels, such as a gastric acid secretion test or indirect measures like the Heidelberg capsule. Treatment focuses on addressing the underlying cause and managing potential nutrient deficiencies through supplements.