abundare

Abundare is a Classical Latin verb meaning to abound, to be plentiful, or to be overflowing. It is used to describe situations in which a quantity or quality is more than sufficient, such as resources, wealth, or other favorable conditions becoming abundant. The noun form abundance in English is derived from this Latin verb.

Conjugation and principal parts: Abundare is a first-conjugation verb. Its principal parts are abundō, abundāre, abundāvī, abundātum. In the present system, it appears as abundō (I abound), abundās (you abound), abundat (he/she/it abounds). The perfect is abundāvī (I abunded), and the supine is abundātum. The verb can be used transitively or intransitively, depending on the construction and the emphasis on what is abundant.

Usage and grammar: Abundare is commonly used with nouns denoting things that can be plentiful. In classical usage, constructions often express abundance with a noun in a case or with a prepositional phrase that marks what is abundant, sometimes with in + ablative or with a genitive or other case marking, depending on the author and context. The sense is broadly descriptive rather than action-oriented, focusing on the presence and sufficiency of a given element, condition, or resource.

Etymology and related forms: Abundare shares its semantic field with abundus (adj. meaning full or abundant) and with the noun abundance in Latin. The term has cognates in the Romance languages (for example abundante in Italian and Spanish, abondant in French), reflecting a common Latin root.

See also: abundance, abundant, abundance-related expressions in Latin literature.