absorbiert

Absorbiert is the past participle of the verb absorbieren in German, meaning taken up into the interior of a substance or system. The term describes a process in which energy, matter, or information passes from an external medium into the volume or structure of another substance. In general usage, absorbing implies uptake into the bulk rather than merely onto a surface. The word derives from Latin absorbere, meaning to suck in.

In physics and optics, absorption refers to the process by which a material converts incident radiant energy, such as light, into other forms (often heat). The extent of absorption is described by an absorptivity or attenuation coefficient, and it is related to transmittance through laws such as Beer–Lambert. Substances show characteristic absorption when they remove specific wavelengths from light, producing an absorption spectrum that can be used to identify or quantify them. Absorption contrasts with reflection, transmission, and adsorption, the latter being a surface phenomenon.

In chemistry, absorption often means the uptake of molecules into the interior of a material or phase, such as a gas dissolving in a liquid or a dye entering a fiber. It is distinct from adsorption, where molecules adhere to a surface rather than penetrate the bulk.

In biology and medicine, absorption describes the uptake of nutrients, water, and drugs across membranes, most notably through the intestinal mucosa. In pharmacokinetics, the rate and extent of drug absorption influence bioavailability and onset of action.

In materials science and environmental science, absorption also applies to moisture, heat, or pollutants entering a solid or porous material, affecting properties and behavior.