Zruenie

Zruenie is a term used in some Slavic-language legal contexts to denote the cancellation, annulment, or revocation of an act, decision, contract, license, or record. It is formed from the verb zrušiť (to cancel) or rušiť (to annul) and is often found in formal or official texts describing the end or removal of legal effects.

Contexts and usage

Zruenie can apply to various instruments and proceedings, including contractual agreements (zruenie zmluvy), administrative decisions (zruenie rozhodnutia), licenses or registrations (zruenie licencie, zruenie registrácie), and regulatory rules. In civil and administrative law, zruenie typically signifies that the affected act loses its legal force, either from a specified date or from the moment of the ruling, depending on the jurisdiction and the nature of the act.

Procedure and effects

The process of zruenie usually involves a formal decision by a competent authority, or mutual agreement of the parties, and may require procedural steps such as notices, deadlines, or a prior appeal or court ruling. The typical effects include cessation of duties and rights tied to the act, restoration of prior positions where possible, and the removal of records or entries related to the cancelled act. In some systems, retroactive nullification may occur, while in others the cancellation is prospective.

Relation to other concepts

Zruenie is related to but distinct from terms like revocation, annulment, dissolution, or termination, which have jurisdiction-specific meanings and consequences. The exact interpretation and consequences depend on local law and the type of instrument being cancelled.