Zellzyklusstadium

Zellzyklusstadium refers to a specific phase within the cell cycle, the sequence of events a cell undergoes from its formation until it divides into two daughter cells. The cell cycle is broadly divided into two main periods: interphase and the mitotic phase. Interphase is the longest phase, where the cell grows, replicates its DNA, and prepares for division. The mitotic phase, or M phase, involves the actual division of the cell nucleus and cytoplasm.

Interphase itself is further subdivided into three stages: G1 phase (Gap 1), S phase (Synthesis), and G2 phase (Gap 2). The G1 phase is a period of cell growth and normal metabolic activity. During the S phase, DNA replication occurs, resulting in each chromosome being duplicated. The G2 phase is another period of growth and preparation for mitosis, where the cell synthesizes proteins necessary for cell division.

Following interphase is the mitotic phase. Mitosis, the division of the nucleus, is typically divided into prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Cytokinesis, the division of the cytoplasm, usually overlaps with the later stages of mitosis. Collectively, these stages represent the progression through the Zellzyklusstadium. Cells can also enter a quiescent state called G0 phase, which is a resting phase outside the active cell cycle. The transition between these Zellzyklusstadiums is tightly regulated by a complex network of proteins.