Yhteisöjuridiikka

Yhteisöjuridiikka is a Finnish term that translates to "community law" or "Union law" in English. It refers to the body of law created by the European Union and its predecessor institutions. This legal order is distinct from national law and has direct or indirect effects on the legal systems of the Member States. Yhteisöjuridiikka encompasses a wide range of legal areas, including the internal market, competition law, environmental protection, consumer rights, and social policy.

The primary sources of yhteisöjuridiikka include treaties, regulations, directives, decisions, and recommendations. Treaties, such as the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, form the constitutional basis of the EU. Regulations are directly applicable in all Member States without the need for national implementing measures. Directives, on the other hand, are binding as to the result to be achieved but leave the choice of form and methods to national authorities, requiring transposition into national law. Decisions are binding in their entirety on those to whom they are addressed. Recommendations and opinions are not binding but carry persuasive weight.

The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) plays a crucial role in interpreting and ensuring the uniform application of yhteisöjuridiikka across all Member States. Its rulings have significant authority and shape the development of EU law. Understanding yhteisöjuridiikka is essential for individuals, businesses, and public authorities operating within the European Union to ensure compliance and to exercise their rights and obligations effectively.