Vízrétegek

Vízrétegek, or aquifers, are underground layers of water-bearing permeable rock, rock fractures, or unconsolidated materials (gravel, sand, or silt). They are a crucial source of freshwater for many regions around the world. Aquifers are recharged by precipitation and can be tapped through wells or springs. The water in aquifers is stored in the pores and fractures of the rock, and it can move slowly through the aquifer due to the force of gravity.

Aquifers can be classified based on their size and the type of rock they are made of. Major aquifers can span hundreds of square kilometers and are often composed of sandstone or limestone. Minor aquifers are smaller and may be composed of different types of rock, such as gravel or clay. Confined aquifers have an impermeable layer above them, which prevents the water from being contaminated by surface pollutants. Unconfined aquifers do not have this protective layer and are more susceptible to contamination.

Aquifers are an important resource for drinking water, agriculture, and industry. However, they are also vulnerable to contamination from pollutants such as pesticides, fertilizers, and industrial chemicals. Over-pumping of aquifers can also lead to a decrease in water levels and the depletion of the aquifer. Therefore, it is important to manage and protect aquifers to ensure their sustainability for future generations.