Välilevynpullistuma

Välilevynpullistuma, also known as a herniated disc or slipped disc, is a medical condition affecting the spine. It occurs when the soft, gel-like center of an intervertebral disc pushes through a tear in the tougher outer layer. These discs act as cushions between the vertebrae, allowing for flexibility and shock absorption.

The most common locations for a herniated disc are in the lower back (lumbar spine) and the neck (cervical spine). Symptoms can vary depending on the location and size of the herniation, as well as whether it is pressing on a nerve. In the lower back, a herniated disc can cause lower back pain, sciatica (pain that radiates down the leg), numbness, tingling, or weakness in the leg or foot. In the neck, it can lead to neck pain, pain radiating into the arm, and numbness or weakness in the arm or hand.

The causes of välilevynpullistuma can include age-related wear and tear, improper lifting techniques, sudden twisting or injury, and sometimes genetic predisposition. Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination and medical history, often followed by imaging tests such as MRI or CT scans to visualize the disc and surrounding structures.

Treatment options range from conservative measures to surgical intervention. Conservative treatments often include rest, pain medication, physical therapy, and sometimes epidural steroid injections to reduce inflammation. If conservative treatments are ineffective or if there are significant neurological deficits, surgery may be considered to remove the herniated portion of the disc and relieve pressure on the nerve.