Välikorvatulehdus

Välikorvatulehdus, often referred to as otitis media, is a common infection affecting the middle ear, the space behind the eardrum. It is particularly prevalent in young children due to the anatomy of their Eustachian tubes, which are shorter and more horizontal than in adults, making them more susceptible to blockage and infection.

The infection typically begins when the Eustachian tube becomes blocked, often due to a cold, flu, or allergies. This blockage traps fluid in the middle ear, creating a breeding ground for bacteria or viruses. Symptoms can include ear pain, fever, irritability, and difficulty hearing. In infants, tugging at the ear or unusual crying may be indicators.

Diagnosis is usually made by a healthcare professional who examines the ear with an otoscope to visualize the eardrum. A bulging or discolored eardrum often suggests fluid buildup and infection. Treatment depends on the severity and cause. For bacterial infections, antibiotics may be prescribed. Pain relief medication can help manage discomfort. In many cases, viral infections resolve on their own without specific medication.

While most cases of välikorvatulehdus resolve completely, recurrent infections can sometimes lead to complications such as temporary hearing loss or, in rare instances, more serious issues like mastoiditis. Prevention strategies include good hygiene, avoiding exposure to smoke, and ensuring children receive vaccinations.