Váltakozóárammal

Váltakozóárammal, often abbreviated as AC, is an electric current that periodically reverses direction and changes its magnitude continuously over time. This is in contrast to direct current (DC), which flows in only one direction. The most common waveform for AC is the sinusoidal wave, characterized by its smooth, oscillating pattern.

The primary advantage of AC is its ability to be easily transformed to higher or lower voltages using transformers. This is crucial for efficient long-distance power transmission, as high voltages minimize energy loss due to resistance in the power lines. Conversely, voltages are stepped down for safe use in homes and businesses.

AC power is generated by rotating electrical machines called alternators, which utilize electromagnetic induction. The frequency of AC, typically measured in Hertz (Hz), indicates the number of complete cycles the current makes per second. In most of the world, the standard frequency is 50 Hz or 60 Hz.

Many household appliances and electronic devices are designed to operate on AC. However, electronic components like batteries and some sensitive electronics require DC. Therefore, power supplies and adapters are used to convert AC to DC when needed. The widespread adoption of AC has made it the dominant form of electrical power distribution globally.