Váll

Váll is the Hungarian word for the shoulder, the region at the junction of the upper limb and the torso. In everyday language it refers to the body part as well as to figurative burdens.

Anatomically, the shoulder complex comprises bones—clavicle, scapula, and humerus—and the joints that link them: sternoclavicular, acromioclavicular, and the glenohumeral joint. The shoulder girdle enables a wide range of motion, including rotation and elevation of the arm.

Muscles that act on the shoulder include the deltoid, trapezius, rotator cuff muscles (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis), pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, and serratus anterior. The rotator cuff is central to joint stabilization and helps hold the head of the humerus within the shallow glenoid socket during movement.

In Hungarian, váll also appears in compounds and verbs related to bearing or undertaking, such as vállal (to shoulder, to undertake), vállalat (enterprise), and vállalkozás (venture/enterprise). The imagery links bearing weight with taking responsibility.

Common medical issues affecting the shoulder include shoulder pain (vállfájdalom), rotator cuff injuries, adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder), and dislocation or instability of the glenohumeral joint. Proper assessment and rehabilitation are important for restoring function and reducing pain.